Dynamic Service Restoration for Integrated Energy Systems Under Seismic Stress

Seismic events and aftershocks can cause devastating impacts on overground underground energy system infrastructure. This article designs a novel approach to restore functionality in response seismic stresses by using coordinated dynamic reconfiguration operation. First, the impact of infrastructure is evaluated, considering critical components, including electricity lines, substations, gas pipes, operable units combined heat pump (CHP), electrolyser, soft open point (SOP), storage units. Load curtailment assumed be caused branch overloading, reversed flows, isolated branches. The objective proposed operation method maximize overall restoration capability. Responding aftershocks, storage, SOPs coupling components are dynamically operated both supply thus reducing losses. A service index quantified load recovery time. representative integrated employed demonstrate effectiveness method. Results illustrate that adverse effectively reduced with model. work provides operators powerful tool systems under events, helping maintain security.